Das Portal der Prozessanalytik PAT - Technologie und Prozesskontrolle

 
 

 



 
Fachberichte - Gasanalytik
- Anfallgase - Brennwert - Emissionen -Erdgasanalytik - Laser - Rauchgase - Spurenanalytik - PAT - Zementindustrie

Fachberichte

Tagungen

Prozessanalytik - generell

Gasanalytik

Flüssigkeitsanalytik

Feststoffanalytik

Partikelanalytik

Physikalische Parameter

Automatisierungslösungen Kontrolltechnologie

Systemkomponenten Probenaufbereitung

Dienstleister

 

Rubriken: Gasanalytik - Physikalische Parameter - Systemkomponenten / Probenaufbereitung
Gas-Messtechnik - Gaswarntechnik - Füllstand - Brandmelder - Ex-Signalgeräte -
Projektierung und Fertigung von Gaswarn- und Brandmeldeanlagen sowie Systemen zur Analyse von Prozess- und Spurengasen.



Aspekte der Prozessmesstechnik in der Erdgas- Wirtschaft

- kontinuierliche Gasanalyse mit Prozess-Gaschromatographie
und mit einem Sensormesssystem basierend auf IR-Absorption und Wärmeleitfähigkeitsmessung -

 

Dr. Joachim F. Kastner, Director, Leiter R&D, Elster GmbH, Dortmund
VDI-Fachkonferenz 16. - 17. Februar 2011 in Frankfurt am Main

 


 

Natural Gas Features
It consists mainly in methane and a mixture of the alkane series, the main inert components are nitrogen and carbon dioxide, other components are typically far below 0.1mol% (Picture).
The relatively high hydrogen/carbon ratio in its molecular composition results in a relatively low emission of the climate gas CO2 .
Due to its gaseous phase and cleanness it is an ideal fuel for the high efficient gas turbine power plants with combined heat-power-cycle that can reach an energetic efficiency of 60% electrical.

   

Process Measurement via Gas Chromatography in the Natural Gas and Biogas Industry
Gas trading is based on energy billing.
The basic challenge for gas measurement is to determine the energy for fiscal billing. It is therefore of great economic and technical importance to have a knowledge of the gas properties.

The varying calorific value of natural gas is the
key figure to know
.

The energy flow is the product of calorific value and volume flow at standard conditions. For this calculation, volume at flowing conditions must be converted to volume at standard conditions by pressure and temperature state conversion and regarding the non-ideal gas property of the natural gas.

Modern process GCs are based on microsystems technology with micro-electro-mechanical systems (MEMS). The key functional blocks of a GC, injector, column, heating, detector are highly miniaturized and integrated, resulting in various advantages.

Natural gas :For standard billing requirements
it is sufficient to quantify the main components methane, ethane, propane, i-butane, nbutane, neo-pentane (not always required), i-pentane, n-pentane. Furthermore all significant
hydrocarbons with higher order then n-pentane must be quantified.

Biogas : The composition of raw biogas varies depending on the feedstock involved with the main components methane and CO2, minor components are N2, H2 O2, H2O, H2S and further trace components.

 

 

 

 

   

Sensor Measurement System for Natural Gas Analysis
Measurement technology based on a sensor system for optical and thermal gas properties.
This technology enables accurate online gas quality analysis over a wide range of generic natural gases. The measurement device gas-lab Q1, based on this technique, has no need for additional carrier gas, the device calibrates itself automatically with methane.

The full measurement range can be covered with a single calibration data set.

The new technology is more accurate and lower in total costs than present calorimeters and Wobbe meters.

In comparison to process gas chromatography, the new device is much faster and has lower operational costs, since it does not need carrier gas and multi-component calibration gas.

     





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